Typewriting machine



2 SHEETS'SHEET I H. JACOBS. TYPEWRITING MACHINE- FILED JAN.

Jan. 30, 1923.

INVENTOH ATT NEY.

Jan. 30, 1923. 1,443,746

H. JACOBS. TYPEWRITING MACHINE. FILED JAN-:17. 1920. '2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 INVENTO W 2 BY .u.

ATTORM Y.

Bronx,- city and State of Patented Jan. 30, 1923.

' HENRY means, on NEW Yams, 1t. Y., Assi'G'N'oR To eunssweon rvrswmras cbm mi osnsw YORK, N; Y.', A CORPORATION or DEIEA'WKRIZZ TYPEWR 'IT'I'NG MAGHiNEQ Application filediJa-nua'ry" 17; 1920.- Seria1-No. 352;172':

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY JAooBs, acitizen of the United States, residing; in-'- bor ough= of the Bronx, in thecounty of the New York, have invented certain new anduseful- Improve ments inflTypewritin'g Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This inventionrelates to back-spacing mechanism fortypewritingl machines.

The main object of this invention isxto provide back-spacing? mechanism, simple in design, having few parts, and adapted; to relieve the carriage es'capement rack of the wear incident to the use of back-spacing mechanism.

In carryingv out this invention, provisionv is made of a back-space rack, in addition to the usual escapement rack mounted on the carriage" for movement into' andout of mesh 1 with a pinion connected with the ment Wheel.

The mechanism" by means of which theback'space lever actuates the" bac-l'r-spa'co rack may be mounted on a single bracket attached tothe frame, so that substantially no changes in the'fra-me" of the machine are necessary to enable this partof the presentinvention to be applied thereto;

The mechanism by which the back-space lever actuate's the back sp'ace' rack is so constructed and arranged as to avoid any substantial loss of power, thus rendering the back-space lever easy to operate.

In back-spacing the carriage, the escapement rack, due to the manner in' which it is mounted on'the carriage, tends to ride over the" teeth of the pinion with which it usually co-operates, thus tending to prevent proper. positioning of the carriage in the escapeback-spac'ing operation.- In'order to prevent such defective operation, provision may be made of a resilient arm mounted on the back-space lever and having a" suitably shaped end, which, upon actuation of the back-space lever, is moved into engagement with the rack to prevent movement of the, rackaway from the pinion.

The resilient am, just referred to' may also be utilized in limiting the movement of the carriage by the backspace mechanism. To this end, a portion of the resilient armis so shapedthat, upon depression of the hack-space lever, itwill: be inserted he'- twe'e'n' two adjacent teeth of the escapeinent movement of the carriage to the upper endof the.

spacing operation carrying-the resi-lient a-rm therewith; until it is brou' ht into engagement with a; fixed; stop, t

us)v limiting. the The form givenadapt it for both purposes specified, is that of a hook which, upon actuation of the backspace lever, embraces the escapement rack.- Other featuresand advantages will he're inai'ter appear. a p In the accompanying, drawings;

' Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side eleva" tion i partly in section, showing; the? inven 151011 applied toan Underwood standard typewriter. c

Figure 2' is a fra, ;n 1entary frontelevation ofa portion of the machine with my invention applied thereto, the parts being: shownin their normal positions- Figure 3' is but showing the sitions;

Figure at is a parts in detail. v p

A cylindrical platen 1 is supported by an axle 2, jfou-r naled in the platen frame-*3 on" the Carriage 4, said; ca=rriage 4 being I-no-vable transversely of the machine on'a frontrail-5 anda rear rail;6. a v I I Said carriage at is urged to the lett by means of the usual band or strap" 7 andspring-drum 8, and its movement is con trolledby means of escapement mechanism comprising a raclr 9, carried by arms 1 0 plV'f oted 'at 11 on the carriage, and pinion 12 with which-said rack is normally in mesh. Said pinion 12' has the usual" one-way confnection with an escapement wheel13 by parts in their actuated p0 means of pawls 14 pressed by springs 15 resilient arm to 7'5 a view, similar to Figure 2, a

into' engagement with said pinion 12. Said escapement mechanism is controlledin a well-knownmanner by "meansof a fast dog 16 and a' loose dog, 17, carried on a dogrocker 18 mounted-onpivots'19.- 1

- In order toback-space the ca-rri-ag'e',-a back-space rack 20 is attached to the; car'- riageat the front thereof, and provision is made of a back-space pawl 21;,- carried hy'anarmor pawl-carrier E21 extendingsubstantially parallel to said rack- 20; The armor pawl-carrier 21 is pivoted, by means-of a shoulder screw 22,- on; the-upright amn 23 of a1 bell -crank 24 the horizontal arm 25- of which-is connected by means of a shoalthe escapement wheel.

dered screw 26 to a link 27, actuated by means to be described hereinafter.

Said bell-crank 24 is pivotally mounted, by means of a shouldered screw 29, on a bracket 30 preferably formed of a single piece of sheet-metal, suitably cut and bent into shape as best shown in Figure 4. In securing the bracket 30 to the frame, use is made of a screw 31, which secures one of the ribbon-spool brackets 32 to the side of the frame; and-said bracket is also secured to the frame by a screw33, passing through lug 34 at the forward end of said bracket.

In order to limit the movement of hellcrank 24, its upper and lower arms 23 and 25, respectively, are supplied with projections 35 and 36, which, upon movement of the bell-crank to its limiting positions, engage portions 37 and 38, respectively, of said bracket. The pawl 21 is urged toward the rack 20 by means of spring 39, connected to the left-hand end of the arm 21 and to a in '40 on the bracket.

ink 27 is connected at its lower end, by means of a shouldered screw 41, with a back-space lever 42, on the forward end of which is a back-space key 43, said backspacelever 42 being pivotally supported, by means of a shouldered screw 44, on a bracket 45 connected by a screw 46 to a cross-bar 47 of the machine. A spring 48 connected at one end to a pin 49 on link 27, and at the otherend to a hook 50 on bracket 30, normally maintains back-space lever 42 and bell-crank 24 in the position shown in Figure2. i

The portion of bracket 30 on which said bell-crank 24 is pivoted is extended to the right along arm 21*, and at its end is provided with a finger 51, projecting from its lower edge and bent upwardly to form a guiding device for the right-hand end of said arm 21 In order to control the movement of pawl 21 into and out of engagement with said rack 20, provision is made of a pin 52, positioned on the bracket near finger 51 and'projecting into an opening 53 in said arm 21*. It will be seen that, upon movement of the pawl-carrier to the left, pin 52 will be engaged by a cam 54 at one side of the opening 53, and the pawl 21 will be withdrawn from said rack 20.

In order to prevent the escapement rack 9 from riding over the pinion 12 when backspacing is effected, provision is made of a resilient arm 55, preferably integral with back-space lever 42, extending upwardly and rearwardly to a position slightly to the rear of the escapement rack 9 at the left of The upper end of said resilient arm 55 is in the form'of a hook, having; a portion 56 to engage over said'rack upon depression of the back-space lever and a shoulder 57 to pass between two adjacent teeth of said rack. As a resultof the resiliency of the arm 55, the upper end thereof may be carried along by said rack 9 during the back-spacing operation, and this fact is made use of in providing means for limiting the back-spacing movement. In order to utilize the resilient arm 55 for the lastanentioned purpose, provision is made of a stop 58, preferably on the bracket carrying the escapement wheel, so positioned as to be engaged by the upper part of said resilient arm 55 at the end of the back spacing movement.

In the usual operation of the machine,;

depression of a character key 59 will act},

through suitable means, to swing a typebar 60 against the front of the platen, and, at the end of the forward swing of the typebar, the dog-rocker 18 will be rocked in the usual manner to move loose dog 17 out of engagement with the escapement wheel and to move fixed dog 16 into engagement therewith. The connections between the characterkeys and the type-bars and the means for actuating the fixed and loose dogs may be substantially the same as the corresponding mechanism in the patent to Arthur A. Johnson, No. 1,215,307, dated February 6, 1917.

In order to prevent-backward movement of-the escapement wheel when the carriage is returned to the right in the ordinary operation of the machine, provision is made of a back-check pawl 61, pivoted at 62 on the dog-rocker 18 and urged to its limiting left-hand position by means of a spring 63.

In the present mechanism, the back-check pawl 61 is utilized to prevent backward turning of the escapement wheel during the back-spacing operation' It will be evident that the escapement wheel, in moving from the position shown in Figure 2 to that in Figure 3, in which the back-check pawl 61 becomes effective, passes through a space corresponding to slightly less than a letterspace movement of the carriage; and, in order to insure an'eflective back-spacing of one letter-space, it will be necessary tobackspace the carriage slightly less than two letter-spaces, due to the lost motion of the escapement wheel shown in Figures 2 and 3.

When back-spacing is desired, key 43 is depressed, and, through link 27, bell-crank 24 is moved from the position shown in Figure 2 to that shown in Figure 3, and the pawl-carrying arm 21' moved to the right. In such movement to the right of the pawl-carrying arm 21, cam 54 will move past pin 52 and permit arm 21 to be moved by its spring 39, so as to bring pawl 21 into engagement with the back-space rack 20,,

movement of 21 being. effective thereafter to move the back-space rack 20 and consequently the carriage to the right. In such movement of the carriage'to the right, the

pinion 12 and escapement wheel 13 will be reversely rotated together until the tooth tinued uhtil the? pinion 12* has be gages between the tet'h of rack 95 The; resilient arfii; 55'" in *thi's 'left' 'by mean 0 g withsaid? back check" pawr 61-, as seen in Figure 3'. The movement of the carriage and thescapement rack=amust then be can otated' relatively tdthe escapifient Whee 13 "ai'f amount corresponding t0 a "'oiie' letter -spa movement of the carriage: Concomitant-1y i withFs'uilh actuation of the carriage by'means' 55 is maven from the antiesshow Figure 1 to a position in which" truss s 6* engages'oven rack" 93mm shou lt'er 57 enmaintain th ra ck? 9*" in 12;a'r'1'd, d' 55',"-t-he 'up end thereof-willbe carrie theFrigIit "said rack 9*untilb roughtfin engagement withsaidstop 58, thus limiting the back spac'e movement by means "of key 43 5 and preventing any verruns-linger 'the' carriage. Up on release of the back sp key 43," thef ca r'riaigewill 7 be; moved" to? t aafi 7 andsprin g drum" 8 u nt-il the e scapem'ent" wheel is roiatea n-bmthe posi'tionshown in Figure 3110- that s own in Figure 2, baa Sines" the pinion has beeifriitatd a' {suitable "amount relatively' to? the-"escapeinent hee1 :-13,+the-"carriage will ofits foiiiier positioh.- I

As a consequence of having can 5 4" on the'fpawl-"cai'ryinizj arm 21 forming. part of the boundary of the opening i 53*" in i which the? Pi 52' eit dsfj movement of the arm 21 "with? reii'erenize"*to" the bracket is linii t'dj andth mo've'ment" of said aevi cafiying be positioned one lettei space to""- the right I armfniay be controlled to some *eiitent bv' means of-thefed-ge portions 64 and 6'5at lmprovements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I Claim: i

1. In a typewriting machine," i ffcoinbination, a carriage, a rack on- "sa'idcarriage, means, including a back-space lever, to backspace said carriage, a resilient arm connected with said lever, and having a forked rear end to engage said rack, and a fixed stop, actuation of said lever causing said resilient arm to be swung to bring one part of the forked portion between the teeth of said rack, and the other part on the opposite side of the rack to prevent lifting thereof, and said forked end to be carried by said rack against said stop, to limit the movement of said carriage by the back-space lever.

2. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, escapement mechanism including a rack attached to said carriage, a second rack attached to said carriage, a

backspace ever;

3%111 a typawriung machine, in f nation, a carfiageQ' eSca ementmecham m an snff ncluding a back-space lever, a: re 'sllint new having a hooked' 1 end auapt ed to mbrace said rack, and to enter be tw the-t th thereof" oft? one side; *an dfmeans wherebyactu'atio'n" of said iback-sp a'c are mo'vemen't or suaearuage mg meehanism' W111 cause "the hooke end of* saidfrsi-lientl' member to embrace racknd bemo'ved --therewith" in the "backatie i therefor, 1

carr age?) es'c'apement' mechanism lu'd ng an escapement, wheel a pinion 'having a ona ay driving e therewith, and a rack-pivotallyimou'ntedmn said' arriage for" movement into 'and out of mesh w1thsa1d"p1n1on, a back-space rack on movement until" engagedby said v said carriage, im'eans, including aF-back-space' 1 andimeafis, rendered effective? by actuation lev e rii" for actuating ,said ba'ckspace rack,"

offsaid back sp'a'ce lever, as engags-nieaes:

capem nttra'c k" and thereby" prevent withdra al of th' escap em'ent rac-k'from thepin ionii andf' to limit the" extent o'f the back;- spa'c'e nioyeineiit ofthe carriage, I j

In": a typewrit'ngf mac hhe," in combi-f nation, a carriage, escapem'en't mechanismtherefor,s including a "toothed rack on said carriage, a" stop beneath said rack," a mem e apteuib engagei aweea mama-of mein er to engagebetween theteeth' off-"said 6. tionfa I carriage, escape'ment mechanism In a typewritingmachinefin Gambia-s:-

pinion having a one-way driving connection therewith, and a rack pivotally mounted on said carriage for movement into and out o-f mesh with said pinion, a back-space rack on said carriage, means, including a back-space lever, for actuating said back-space rack, and means, rendered effective by actuation of said back-space lever, to prevent said escapement rack from being moved out of mesh with said pinion.

7 In a, typewriting machine, in'combination, a carriage, escapement mechanism therefor, including an escapement wheel, a pinion having a one-way drivingconnection with said escapement wheel, and an escapement rack mounted on said carriage, said 105"" said rablg back-space"mechanism independ I 'ent off 'said ra'ck,'and means actuated bysaid" Variationsmayjberesortedto 'withinthe b i i Y i scope of the invention', "and po rtionsof the" pinion and rack being separable to disconnect the carriage from the escapement mechanism, back-space mechanism including a back-space lever, said back-space mechanism being independent of said rack, and means, rendered effective by actuation of said backspace lever, to prevent the separation of the escapement rack and the pinion.

8. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, escapement mechanism therefor, including an escapement wheel, a pinion having a one-way driving connection with said escapement wheel, and an escapement rack mounted on said carriage, saidv pinion and rack being separable to. disconnect the carriage from the escapement mechanism, back-space mechanism including a back-space lever, said back-space mechanismf being independent of said rack, and means, rendered effective by actuation of said b ack-space lever, to prevent the separation of the escapement rack and the pinion and to act through said escapement rack to limit the movement of the carriage in the back-space direction. w

9. In a typewriting machine, in combination, acarriage, escapement mechanism, ineluding a pinion on a fixed support and a rack on said carriage mounted for movement into and out of mesh with said pinion, backspacing mechanism, and a lever pivoted on said machine, one arm of said lever being adapted to actuate said back-spacing mechanism, and the other arm of said lever being adapted to engage said rack when the backspacing mechanism is actuated and prevent withdrawal of said rack from said pinion.

10. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, a toothed rack on said carriage, a fixed stop, and back-space mechanism, including a back-space lever and a flexible arm on said back-space lever, whereby, upon actuation of the latter, a portion of said flexible arm will be inserted between adjacent teeth of said rack and moved therewith until said flexible arm is brought into engagement with said stop.

11. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, a rack thereon, and means to co-operate with said rack to back-space said carriage, including a pawl to engage.

with said rack, a substantially horizontal pawl-carryingarm, a bell-crank having an I upright arm on which said pawl-carrying arm 18 pivoted and a substantially horizontal lower arm, a back-space lever, a link con necting the lower arm of said bell-crank with sa d back-space lever, a bracket on which said bell-crank is pivoted, and a spring connecting said link and said bracket, to urge said back-space lever and bell-crank to their normal positions.

12. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, a rack thereon, means to cooperate with said rack to back-space said carriage, including a pawl to engage with said rack, a substantially horizontal pawllower arm, a back-space lever, a link connecting the lower arm of said bell-crank withsaid back-space lever, a bracket on which said bell-crank is pivoted, and a spring connecting said link and said bracket, to urge 7 said back-space lever and bell-crank to their normal positions, and a spring co -operating with said pawl-carrying arm and said bracket to urge said pawl toward said rack.

13. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a carriage, a rack therefor, and means to cooperate with said rack to back-space said carriage, including a pawl to co-operate with said rack, a substantlally horizontal pawl-carrying arm, a bell-crank having an upright arm on which said pawl-carrying arm is pivoted and a substantially horizontal lower arm, a back-space lever, a link connecting the lower arm of said-bell-crank to said back-space lever, a bracket on which said carrying arm, a bell-crank having an upright arm On WlHOh said pawl-carrying arm is pivoted and a substantially horizontal bell-crank is mounted, and guiding means 

